Based on this definition, forklifts are primarily categorized into six types: counterbalance forklifts, reach trucks, side-loading forklifts, straddle forklifts, pallet stackers, and three-way stackers. All six of these categories are classified as "special equipment." It is important to note, however, that pallet trucks lacking a lifting mast for stacking operations-as well as non-self-propelled (manually operated) pallet stackers-do not meet the aforementioned definition of a forklift and therefore fall outside the scope of special equipment regulation.
In addition to the core classifications mentioned above, forklifts can be categorized along other common dimensions. Based on their power source, they can be divided into internal combustion forklifts (fueled by diesel, gasoline, or LPG), electric forklifts, and manual forklifts. Internal combustion forklifts, known for their ease of refueling and capacity for continuous, long-duration operation, are frequently utilized outdoors or in environments where exhaust emissions and noise levels are not subject to strict restrictions. Conversely, electric forklifts-distinguished by their eco-friendly nature and low noise levels-are widely deployed in indoor settings and in environments with stringent environmental requirements.
According to the classification standards established by the World Industrial Trucks Statistics (WITS), industrial trucks are categorized into Classes I through V. The primary classes relevant to forklifts include: Class I (Electric Counterbalance Rider Trucks), Class II (Electric Warehouse Rider Trucks), Class III (Electric Warehouse Walkie Trucks), Class IV (Internal Combustion Counterbalance Trucks with Solid Tires), and Class V (Internal Combustion Counterbalance Trucks with Pneumatic Tires).
Common forklift model designations typically encapsulate key information regarding the vehicle. Taking "CPCD30" as an example-based on the standard Chinese nomenclature system-the "C" denotes a forklift; the "P" signifies a counterbalance structure; the second "C" indicates a diesel engine power source; the "D" denotes a hydraulic transmission system; and the "30" represents a rated load capacity of 3 tons.
